Nicaraguanimmigrants


 * RESOURCES ON NICARAGUAN IMMIGRANTS**

** Summer 2010 **
Davy, M. (2006, April). //The Central American Foreign Born in the United states.// Retrieved from [] -This website discusses Central American populations who have come to the United States. It talks about the social class of these populations and their education attainment.

[| http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LpEhi9XYllA] -This youtube video discusses the Nicaraguan Revolution, which was one of the main reasons that many Nicaraguan's left Nicaragua.

Smagula, S. (2010). Nicaraguan Americans. //In Countries and Their Cultures.// Retrieved from **[]** -This website shares a lot of information about Nicaraguan Americans. It talks a lot about the illegal and legal immigrants of Nicaragua. It also discusses a lot of cultural aspects, beliefs, education, and values.

Garcia, C. (2002, July 16). Context for Nicaraguan Immigration. In //Kin-Nicaragua.// Retrieved from [| http://immigrantinfo.org/kin/nicaragua.htm] -This site includes a lot of general information about Nicaragua and immigration to the United States. It also talks heavily about the Nicaraguan family life and traditions.

Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R. (2001). Nicaraguans voices lost, voices, found. In //Ethnicities. (pg. 127-156).// California: University of California Press, LTD. -This chapter in the book talks about Nicaraguans and who they are and where they came from. It shows statistics on Nicaraguan's in America and compares their time in America to other ethnic groups.

Cummins, J. (1991). Empowering Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students with Learning Problems. In //TeacherVision. Retrieved from [] -This website discusses ideas for teachers to incorporate while working with students who are culturally and linguistically diverse. It also talks about ways to create a friendly and comfortable environment for students of different ethnicities.

Menard-Warwick, J. (2007). Biliteracy and Schooling in an Extended-Family Nicaraguan Immigrant Household: The Sociohistorical Construction of Parental Involvement. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 2(38), 119-137. Retrieved from[| http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/hww/results/results_single_ftPES.jhtml] // Wysocki, N. (2010, June 2). //Academic Indicators Lecture. -// This lecture/notes shows a wide range of indicators that impact children academically.

// American IMmigration Law Center. (n.d.). Immigration Through the Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act. In Law Offices of Clark T. Trainor.// Retrieved from:[| http://www.ailc.com/services/residency/nacara-2.htm] - This document discusses the NACARA act. It gives an overview of what it is and its benefits as well as talks about eligibility of immigrants to receive the relief. 

Witness for Peace. (2008). Nicaragua at a glance. Retrieved 6/29, 2010, from http://witnessforpeace.org/article.php?id=239 This website has statistics and facts about Nicaragua. It has information about education and migration, among other things.

"The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and its Variants//"// Alejandro Portes and Min Zhou. //Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.// Vol. 530. November 1993. pp. 74-96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1047678?seq=1 -This article talks about the second generation immigrants coming to the United States and some of the struggles they face. It touches on the differences between the United States' industrial power fifty years ago, compared to now. It is more difficult now for immigrants to be able to get a job legally than it was back then.

[|__http://immigrantinfo.org/kin/nicaragua.htm__] [|-]This website gives insight to the Nicaraguan culture. It has brief summaries of the history, political, economical, and ethnic issues that forced many of the people to immigrate to the United States.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_American -A general idea of the plight of the Nicaraguan Americans. This website can often be accessed by many different people so it gives different insights into different problems that Nicaraguans have when coming to America. It also gives a history of the people, traditions, and other aspects of the Nicaraguans life especially now that they are in the United States.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9QLCuiTZfs -This is a video that gives a first hand account on what it is like to be an illegal immigrant. There are many different nationalities being interviewed in this program including Guatemalan, Mexican, Nicaraguan, and other Central American countries. The people being interviewed explain why they came to America, how they came to America, and what they hope to achieve in America.

http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gmo3_fsf06CMjvNsLNzsPXoZau4AD98SMJRG1 -This article from the Associative Press, talks about the plight of hundreds of children who are losing their parents to deportation. "C hildren — all U.S. citizens whose parents face deportation — are demanding a say in the immigration debate." Many of these children talk about the stress put on them, causing them to do worse in school and take up more responsibilites.

"The Academic Orientation of First and Second Generation Nicaraguan Immigrant Adolescents" Lisa Noel Konczal. 2002.http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=726444391&Fmt=2&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1246380250&clientId=44087 -This source discusses the factors that effect Nicaraguan immigrant's success in school in the United States. It discusses independent variables such as length of time they have spent in the United States, and dependent variables like Academic Orientation.

"Divided Fates: Immigrant Children in a Restructured U.S. Economy" M. Patricia Fernandez-Kelly and Richard Schauffler. //International Migration Review,// Vol. 28, No. 4. 1994. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2547153?seq=1 -This article is about the deficits immigrant children face in the United States, particularly concerning the economy. There are statistics comparing school performance, parental human capital, and child's aspirations for Cuban, Nicaraguan, Haitian, Mexican, and Vietnamese students.

"Immigration and Schooling: An Ethnohistorical Account of Policy and Family Perspectives in an Urban Community" Martha Montero-Sieburth and Mark LaCelle-Peterson. //Anthropology and Education Quarterly.// Vol. 22 No. 4. December 1991. http://www.jstor.org/stable/info/3195657?seq=1&Search=yes&term=immigration&term=nicaragua&term=education&list=hide&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3Dimmigration%2Bnicaragua%2Beducation%26wc%3Don%26dc%3DAll%2BDisciplines&item=1&ttl=1809&returnArticleService=showArticle&resultsServiceName=doBasicResultsFromArticle -This article talks about the differences between immigrants now and the immigrants in previous years and the difficulties they have encountered. It talks about the two different major immigration periods to the United States as well.

Culturally Competent Practice With Immigrant and Refugee Children and Families. Edited by Rowena Fong. New York: The Guilford Press. 2004. -This book discusses the Historical Background, Adaptations, Problems that children may encounter and more about Nicaraguan immigrants as well as Filipino, Lao, Hmong, and many other ethnicities.

Suarez-Orozco, Marcelo M. (1987) "Becoming Somebody": Central American Immigrants in U.S. Inner-City Schools. //Anthropology & Education Quarterly//. Vol. 18, No. 4. pp. 287-299. Can be accessed at http://www.jstor.org/stable/3216658 -This journal talks about specific issues that Central American immigrants are facing. It also discusses the different motivational patterns these immigrants share.

Smither, Robert & Marta Rodriguez-Giegling. (1982) Personality, Demographics, and Acculturation of Vietnamese and Nicaraguan Refugees to the United States. //International Journal of Psychology.// Vol. 17. pp. 19-25. Can be accessed at http://content.ebscohost.com/pdf9/pdf/1982/9ED/01Mar82 -This article is about a study that was done using Vietnamese & Nicaraguan refugees to determine the vialibility of a psychological approach to explaining their willingness to assimilate vs. a demographic approach.

Nicaraguan Americans. http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Nicaraguan-Americans.html -This source truly talks about everything imaginable about Nicaraguan-Americans. From the culture and beliefs of the Nicaraguans, to their language, cuisine, and economic traditions. I am not kidding around when I say that this site tells you everything you may want to know about Nicaraguan immigrants.

=**FALL 2009**= 8:00 SECTION “Assimilating into Hispanic America: the case of Nicaraguan Immigrant Adolescents” [|http://www.fiu.edu/~iei/index/lisa2.html] This source describes the experiences of Nicaraguan youth living in an area of Florida populated mainly by Cuban immigrants. The author discusses how Nicaraguan immigrants attempt to hid their heritage and cultural customs.

Evans, C.A. (1995). Immigrants and health care: mounting problems. Annals of Internal Medicine, 122(4), 309-310. This article discusses the different problems immigrants in the United States face concerning health care. It also confronts certain myths immigrants use of health care services.

[] This article discusses the history of Nicaragua as it contributes to Nicaraguan immigration to the United States. The article also offers a background on Nicaraguan culture, traditions and contains sources for further research.

Smagula, S. (n.d.). //Countries and their cultures//. Retrieved from [] This website provided an incredible amount of information regarding Nicaraguan immigrants—misconceptions, stereotypes, traditions, customs, beliefs, health issues, education, politics, and more!

(n.d.). //Nicaragua at a glance//. Retrieved from [] This website offered various statistics about Nicaraguans in the areas of employment, education, and health.

Lopez, M. (2008, May 22). Two-thirds of nicaraguans ready to emigrate for better life. //Costa Rica Daily News//, Retrieved from [] A brief news article about Nicaraguans and their desire for a better life in the United States.

Correa, C. (2006). Why Do immigrants from nicaragua seem to resist assimilation more than some other hispanic nationalities?. //Seminar in American Multicultural Literature (Immigrant)//, Retrieved from [] This is an article written by a Hispanic student about an interview with Nicaraguan immigrants.

[] This site shows the criteria of teaching in Nicaragua. It also tells how students are taught. The site argues that the students are not taught to think for themselves. The problems in the secondary and primary schools are also discussed.

[] A video of a thirteen year old Nicaragua boy. He shares his excitement and worries of what school will do for him. He has been working to support his family and now wants to be educated to become a better citizen to the society.

[] Facts on enrollment in education in Nicaragua. Stating the changes that have been made throughout the years to justify change in the education system. This site also goes into Nicaraguan politics and funding.

Unknown. Retrieved on November 1, 2009 from [|http://vivirlatino.com] This link was used for the images it had pertaining to immigrants from Nicaragua.

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Vegas, E. (2005). Incentives to improve teaching: lessons from latin america [Chapter 10]. (Google Books), Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=Z4WRNvlLVtoC&dq=nicaragua+education&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s

This book talks about the education reform that Nicaragua and other countries in the area adopted as a means to improve the lives of children in such poor areas. This book provides an in depth look at how this reform and education changes have affected the area.

Kott, J., & Streiffert, K. (2005). Nicaragua [Edition 2]. (Google Books), Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=FFURQz920IsC&dq=nicaragua&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s

This is a great book that gives a general description of Nicaragua as a country and the people. While this book doesn’t go very in depth to the political background, it provides many photographs that give readers an inside look to the country.

Baracco, L. (2005). Nicaragua: the imagining of a nation [pp. 79-105]. (Google Books), Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=_m0tkCRSoEgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nicaragua&lr=&cd=10#v=onepage&q&f=false

This book focuses on many of the political aspects of Nicaragua as a country, as well as the changes and difficulties the people have been through.

Garcia, Cesar. (July 16, 2002). Kin-Nicaragua. Retrieved April 8, 2002, from Immigrant Info website: http://www.immigrantinfo.org/kin/nicaragua.htm

This is a great website for everything you want to know about Nicaragua. It has info on the economy, education and everything in between. I this think this is a very educational website.

Nicaragua. Retrieved April 8, 2002 from Countries and Their Cultures website: http://www.everyculture.com/Ma-Ni/Nicaragua.html

This is another great website. I think it resembles my other website and has all the information one would need to understand what Nicaragua is all about. I think this website will be well used throughout our presentation.

Nicaragua: Country Specific Information (2010, February 6) April 8, 2010, U.S. Department of State http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_985.html

This is an informative website that gives general statistics about Nicaragua. There are specific crime events that have been occurring in Nicaragua. There are also reports about the Nicaraguan medical system, currency, and conditions if you plan to travel to Nicaragua.

Trafficking in Persons Report 2009 (June 16th, 2009) April 8, 2010 Embassy of the United States: Nicaragua http://nicaragua.usembassy.gov/rpt_tip_2009.html

This website states that Nicaragua is a source of trafficking women and children for sexual exploitation and forced labor. It also goes on to say that the Nicaraguan government does not follow the standards to eliminate trafficking. The government also shows little effort to properly punish people who are involved in trafficking.

Booth, John A., & Richard, Patricia Bayer (2006) Revolution’s Legacy: Residual Effects on Nicaraguan Participation and Attitudes in Comparitive Context. Latin American Politics and Society 48 (2) 117-140 http://www.jstor.org/pss/4490466

This journal article describes the change in attitudes of Nicaraguan people after the revolution. It also examines the political involvement of Nicaraguan people in aspects such as voting and civil engagements. It also discusses how the influence of some powerful groups has disappeared since the revolution.

Nygren, Anja. (2003) Violent Conflicts and Threatened lives: Nicaraguan Experiences of Wartime Displacement and Postwar Distress. Journal of Latin American Studies 35(2) 367-393. http://www.jstor.org/pss/3875954

This journal article examines everyday experiences of violence during war and the long lasting effects of the war. This study describes several waves of violence in Nicaragua as well as displacement and distress that the citizens to suffer. It also discusses the political instability that occurred after the civil war.

The World Factbook: 2009, May 15, Central Intelligence Agency: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nu.html

This source provides information for every country (as recognized by the United States) and gives a great general description of all things Nicaragua. This is a very reliable source as it is from the government.